学术研究

学术研究

人类命运共同体视角下的全球治理与国家治理

 

蔡 拓 陈志敏 吴志成 刘雪莲 姚 璐 刘贞晔

 

编者按:统筹国内国际两个大局, 推动全球治理体制向着更加公正合理方向发展, 为我国发展和世界和平创造更加有利的条件, 是以习近平同志为总书记的党中央治国理政新理念、新思想、 新战略的重大主题之一。 自十八大报告提出 “提 高人类命运共同体意识” 以来,在全球治理的积极参与中, 寻求与世界其他国家和地区的共同发展, 将国家的繁荣与人类的共同福祉联系在一起, 已经成为中国的重要战略。在此背景下, 厘清全球治理与国家治理互动对当代中国的意义, 十分迫切和必要。

基于上述思考, 我们策划了本组稿件, 试从国际关系视角, 以全球治理与国家治理的互动为出发点, 分析和辨明当代中国的历史使命。我们邀请了六位作者, 包括中国政法大学全球化与全球问题研究所教授蔡拓、刘贞晔, 复旦大学国际与公共事务学院教授陈志敏, 南开大学周恩来管理学院教授吴志成, 吉林大学行政学院教授刘雪莲、副教授姚璐。六位学者共从五个命题展开, 分别是全球治理与国家治理: 当代中国两大战略考量, 国家治理、 全球治理与世界秩序建构、全球治理对国家治理的影响、国家治理的全球治理意义以及全球治理与国家治理互动的思想渊源与现实反思。通过这组稿件, 我们不仅试图回答全球治理与国家治理之间的理论关系, 而且希望借此为中国如何在承担大国责任与获得自身发展之间取得良性互动, 探索一条可行的实践之路。

 

ABSTRACTS

 

(1)GlobalandStateGovernancefromthePerspectiveoftheCommunityofDestinyof Mankind

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Toplanforboththedomesticandtheinternationalsituationasawhole,toencourage globalgovernancetodevelopinafairerand morerationaldirection,andtocreate morefavorableconditionsforChina?sdevelopmentand worldpeaceisoneofthe importantsubjectsofnewideas,newthinkingandnewstrategiesfornationalgovernanceof theCentralCommitteeofCPC withXiJinpingasGeneralSecretary.Sincethereportof the18thNationalCongressoftheCPCproposedto?raiseawarenessaboutacommunity ofcommondestinyformankind,"involvingactiveparticipationinglobalgovernance, seekingcommondevelopmenttogetherwithothercountriesandregionsintheworld andlinkingtheprosperityofthenationwiththecommongoodofmankindhasbecomean importantstrategyforChina.Againstthisbackground,clarifyingthesignificanceofthe interactionbetweenglobalandnationalgovernanceisanimmediatenecessityandurgent taskforcontemporaryChina.Wehavecuratedthissetofarticlesonthebasisofthe above-mentionedconsiderations.Startingfrom theinteractionbetweenglobaland nationalgovernance,thearticlesproceedtoanalyzeandidentifythehistoricalmission ofcontemporaryChinafromtheperspectiveofinternationalrelationships.Wehave invitedsixwriters:ProfessorsCaiTuoandLiuZhenyeoftheGlobalizationandGlobal IssuesInstituteoftheChina UniversityofPoliticalScienceand Law;ProfessorChen ZhiminattheSchoolofInternationalRelationsandPublicAffairsofFudan University; ProfessorWuZhichengattheZhouEnlaiSchoolofGovernmentofNankaiUniversity; andProfessorLiu Xuelianand AssociateProfessorYaoLuattheCollegeofPublic AdministrationofJilin University.Thesixscholarsexpoundonfivepropositions, respectively:?Globalandstategovernance:areviewoftwoimportantstrategiesof contemporaryChina,"?Nationalgovernance,"?Globalgovernanceandtheconstruction ofworldorder,"?Theinfluenceofglobalgovernanceuponnationalgovernance,"

?Thesignificanceofnationalgovernanceforglobalgovernance"and?Theideological sourceandpracticalreflectionofinteractionbetweenglobalandnationalgovernance." Inthissetofpapers,wenotonlyattempttogiveareplytothequestionofthetheoretical relationshipbetweenglobalandnationalgovernance,butalsohopetousethistoexplorea viablepracticalpaththatwillenableChinatoachieveabenigninteractionbetweenassuming theresponsibilitiesofalargecountryanddevelopingonitsownaccount.

 

(2)TheInstitutionalLogicofOrderinChina?sTransitional Period

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ThedevelopmentoforderinChina?stransitionalperiodisnotmerelyamatterof institutionalsupply,butalsoamatterofdefiningthestate?sspecialrolesandfunctions. Sincereformandopeningup,Chinahassoughttorealizethedualgovernanceaimsof highspeeddevelopmentofthesocialisteconomyandmaintenanceofstability,which requiresthatthestatesimultaneouslyundertakethedualrolesofmoderngovernment andofstatecapital.Adjustmentstothegovernancestructurearisingfromthissituation areexpressedindevolutionofpowertothe marketwhilereservinggovernmentpricing power;devolutionofpowertolocalgovernmentwhilereservingpowerovercentral tasks;andaffirmingthepowerofsocietywhilereservingapprovalpowerofapproval oversocialorganizations.Attheinstitutionallevel,theexternalitiesproducedbythis quasi-decentralizedgovernancestructureare markedbythedissipationofarrangements forcollectivewelfare;theabsenceofmechanismsforroutinesecurityinordinarylife; andthedevelopmentofwaysinwhichthegovernmentcanprofitfromthemarket. Thismayaffecttheinstrumentalizationofgovernmentfunctionsandthecapitalization ofpublicpower,producingimbalancesinthedistributionofsocialrights,wealthand risk,thatistosay,socialinstability.

 

(3)AnAnalysisoftheEthicsofTransgenicTechnology—FromtheViewpointofBiological Integrity ·66·

 

Theintegrityofbiologicalspeciesdiffersfromthatofthegenesofbiologicalindividuals; itconstitutestheintegrityofthecommongenomesofmembersofthesamespecies andrepresentsthenatureofthatspecies.Mankindhasresponsibilityformaintaining speciesintegrityinordertomaintainspeciesdistinctiveness.Heterologoustransgene technologyviolates speciesintegrity and should be rejected on ethicalgrounds, whereashomologoustransgenictechnologygenerallydoesnotviolatespeciesintegrity andsoisethicallyacceptable.Gene modificationtechniques (especiallygenome-editing techniques)maydamagespeciesintegrity,sorequireconcreteanalysis.Ethicalrejectionof transgenictechnologyonthegroundsthatitviolatestheintegrityofthespecieshasa strongerbasisthanethicalrejectionbasedonviolationofthephysicalandmentalintegrity andgeneticintegrityofthebiologicalindividual.Inethicalevaluationoftransgenic